IENG377 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

IENG377 - Essay Example enable an additive process to occur, which makes sure that the powder forms are built to form a larger solid thing, which is in accordance to the preferences of the customer (McGrew 1). The water jet cutters will use super-duper high pressure water jets in the process of cutting the material for the printing in a perfect manner. Such ensures that the cutting process is effective and clean. However, in developing the products, the company has to identify a unique product, which is not been produced by the other companies. Such will create a competitive strength for the company in terms of selling the products in the market. Moreover, the finishing of the company product will be unique to create brand of the product and identity of the company in the market of these products. The 3D printers will enable the company to make molds of different sizes and forms. Such includes prototypes of buildings and sculptures, based on client requirements. For example, the printers will make the brackets, structural members of a building, furniture and sculptures. These products will be complex than what other companies are making in the market. The flow water jet cutters will aid in the cutting process of these products to ensure that they are within the size requirement for the printing process. The printing will occur in the following materials, ABS, PVC, PLA, Polyethylene and Polypropylene. Such printing occurs for 1mm course in case of the large objects to 0.35mm fineness based on the specification and the requirements of the customer. A typical example product for the company is robotic prosthetic, which is marketable in the field of medicine. Another example is micro-laptops, which will compete with other companies, which are making laptops, such as Samsung, HP, Acer and Dell among others. The manufacturing process of these products will focus on utilizing high level of technology in order to achieve success in the competitive market environment. Other companies are making

Continuous Development Of Modern Media Technology Media Essay

Continuous Development Of Modern Media Technology Media Essay With the continuous development of modern media technology, constantly updated means of communication and increasingly rich forms of communication, mass media almost always affects people in all aspects of life. In current society, a variety of communications activities has become indispensable in our lives. As an example, the radio program Mars on Earth reported in 1938, which led to huge panic in the United States adequately illustrated this point. TV, newspapers, online news, and radio stations and other news media access to information are now the most important source of information for people to understand the social. Media as an integral part of life, its coverage means often affects the publics mood, and the report of peoples point of view often leads the trend of public opinion. While the continuous spread of important information for the audience, the media is also instilling the relevant concept to audience in a subtle way, in order to affects our attitude, and thus to some extent, to change our view of the world. Just as C. Wright Mills stated that Media not only give us information, they guide our very experiences. This paper will make a detailed analysis of the social function of the media, first introduced the media function in the information dissemination, and discusses the media as information channel for people to provide services. Then this paper will analyze in which way the media influence peoples attitudes, behaviors and experiences. 2.0 The social function of the media The news media is part of the whole social system, which is responsible for reporting the development of the whole society and change, recording the process of the functioning of society bit by bit, with has social information dissemination, public opinion, social supervision and cultural heritage features. In all above, information dissemination is the most basic function of the media, and it has been undertaking to pass true and accurate social information, as well as the task of passing the first-hand information to the audience. Through continually providing a large number of reports of the social events, media transfers flow of information about the surrounding environment, transportation, culture, news, financial market to the public, and also a variety of impending disaster has occurred or, threats and other information to meet their needs. (Bryant Oliver, 2009) In addition to the basic functions of information dissemination, media also has social supervision, education and guidance functions. This paper focuses on the social function of how media guides peoples behavior. 3.0 Means by which media guide peoples experience 3.1 Media decides the content and intensity of information dissemination by news selection There are many large and small event happen every day in the world, reporters choose what to report and what not to have set the window limits for the mass audience, and the scope of the subject of discussion. (Deephouse, 2000) The media measures whether the incident should be reported and how they are reported by a certain news value, in which the fresh of news and timeliness are the key criteria. The fierce ratings competition between media makes the journalists must be ready to face tight time pressure; they all hope to make exclusive reports and starting the news. (Lengel Trevino, 1987) When a hot topic in the head, the media will rush to chase stories, all television, newspaper layout with large, a lot of time around the same topic, it is important to create the atmosphere. But soon, when the subject lost its news value, it will completely disappear in the media. The chase of timely news brings urgent pressure of time, so that media workers have difficulties to do in-depth coverage of events. The media led the public to focus a particular issue, it will also lead us quickly forget the subject. 3.2 To guide the public emotions through different ways of media coverage Press report is easy to influence the publics perception of news events, and lead us to a particular point of view to understand the event. The news media report implied social customs, ethics, philosophy, personality temperament and other news elements of influence and control human emotions more and more apparent. (Scannell, 1992) For example, media report to specific geographical coverage and the spread of video content, due to re-process or phenomenon and not only focus on its nature, to live lives of such people would deepen the misunderstanding of people and things, the tendency of these people and events to be rendering, and thus have a negative impact on the public: not only will affect the groups feelings, but also affects the positioning. Medias role is to help us to transcend personal experience of life constraints, let us know what is happening in other corners. News reporting should be objective and fair. But each persons perception of the world derived from the individuals life experience, according to different backgrounds, social status, gender, ethnic group, different people present for the same facts, is bound to see a different face, resulting in different interpretations, no one can remove the view or values . Of course, media are no exception. The integration of these differences in the news becomes emotional and cognitive impact of a factor to people. 3.3 The development of new technologies creates more possibilities for the media influence on people Television reports which allow people to the text provided in the newspaper and sound provided by broadcast, itll also see a real vivid picture. TV news focuses on visual effects, even if not shooting pictures, television stations often use computer graphics showing the incident, manufacturing, and shot in the visual. These impressive images are easy to be trusted by people, so television has more social control force than other media. In addition, the way to receive information from television is mostly passive, television is relatively weak selective information, which more seriously confined the scope of access to information sources of the audience. In todays information society, media pluralism has been formed. In the press, radio, television and other media followed by a fourth media Internet. (Edwards, 1998) The rapid development of new media provides more extensive information on the public. (Couldry Curran, 2003) 3.4 advertising leadS tendency of the media coverage Advertising is the greatest sense aggressors of modern society and the strongest message implants. As an advertising vehicle of the release of advertising, the tremendous impact on the news media brought by the advertising is inevitable. As we all know, at present, the news media advertising is still the most important publishing platform. News and advertising co-exist on one platform, to contradictions and problems inevitably arise. (Schewe, 2004)As social and economic development, the role of advertising is growing. It passes the information to promote economic development in goods but also to both the media and advertisers to create huge economic interests. In the interests of the stimulation, the media coverage will inevitably have a certain bias. Media on corporate image, product performance, marketing activities and other information for publicity, this practice is called soft ads by some media, and is called hidden advertising by advertisers. For ordinary consumers, these practices are very deceptive in nature. This appears to news is actually a style advertising openly in the news section, so unknown to the audience and may mislead them to believe. 4. How peoples experience be guided by media 4.1 Reconstruction of social values through public opinion Opinion is the most controversial social life events have a certain tendency to published comments, opinions and views. As a common psychological tendency of public opinion, it is hidden in the depths of peoples thinking, through the social assessment with value judgments, such as a specific values or behavior of the praise and admiration or criticism and condemnation, resulting in a social atmosphere, to have an impact on the values and behavior of the community Members. With members of the broad impact on society, public opinion has become an important means of cultural control, and the control system in modern society has an important position. Through the role of public opinion, on the one hand, the mass media will be the legislative branch and public administration institutions to develop, promulgate laws, decrees made public, called on people to adhere to the existing social norms, while the mass media to spread the people values, beliefs and life behavior in order to guide public choice to establish a correct outlook on life and behavior; on the other hand, public opinion and mass media will call through the network, television, radio, newspapers and other channels back to the social ruling, prompting the legislature and public regulatory bodies to consider the public demand, the existing legal and institutional system to adjust and improve, and continuously improve its administrative capacity to maintain social stability and social order. Thus, there is the formation of mainstream social values, although it is not mandatory like the law, it generally widespread impact on peoples thinking and behavior as an invisible constraint. 4.2 To change the publics lifestyle and spending habits Mass media treats guide as a starting point, using its powerful propaganda to make people happy in leisure reading among accepted the new consumption patterns and lifestyles, (Morris Ogan, 1996) which gave birth to consumer culture. The shopping information published in the Newspaper also makes people change their attitudes in consumer. Which stores have recently engaged in activities, what brand, price number, price information, etc. Which pharmacies, we reported on the exchange received from these messages, and compare, go consumption. Difference with the elderly is that, young people read newspapers are concerned about the strong style of entertainment news and employment information. Some people also go through the information reported on the drivers, waiters, security and other jobs. From that point on, the mass media, consumer culture and consumption in the formation of lifestyle play a conspiracy role. 4.3 News reports of crime and violence have a tremendous impact on people With the development of society, media attention on political related events has gone from a single broadened to a variety of criminal phenomena, showing a trend of diversification. With the strengthening of public opinion functions, the number of news reports of crime and weight has been significantly improved, which strongly shocked criminals, and demonstrate the power of the rule of law. (Thoman, 2010) Media is keen to report crime and the main reason is that crime news concerns the audience easily and access to them more attractive. Crime news reports often have twists and turns of the plot, as well as the color of violence, it has more stimulating and entertaining elements than the other news stories. The authenticity of news reports also makes it depicts the victims of crime, especially violent crime, to bring serious consequences, more than the literary fiction film and television has more power to shock. Driven by the economic interests, news reports of crime is inevitably some distortion of the real social phenomenon: excessive rendering of malignant cases, highlighting the cruel circumstances, the disclosure of personal privacy and other related personnel cases. Violation of implied theory believes that exposure to aggressive stimuli may increase a persons motivation level of physical and emotional. In other words, the content of news violence can increase aggressive behavior stimulation occur. In some cases, aggressive characters in the news will give them a role model. Which can be seen, the mass media violence and the proliferation of pornography are often imperceptible to the audiences behavior and way of life tend to have a negative impact on these effects if left unchecked, it is possible to induce the production of deviant behavior. Elizabeth (2010) said that, Many blame media for the rise in violence, but of course thats not the whole storyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Some of the details of this connection might be questioned But the fact that a connection exists is hard to dispute. Which leads us to an inescapable conclusion: Something must be done. The media should adopt accurate news reports of crime, so the audience can keep abreast of the latest social facts of the crime, ease because it caused an unknown number of tension, suspicion, rumors and other negative emotions have to create a good environment for punishing evil and promote good. 5. Summary Since the 20th century, mass media has had a profound impact on peoples lives. The newspapers, books, radio, television, communications satellites and the Internet all represented the modern media space, which makes the whole world a small village. In the aspect of time, the whole community culture and communication network system stay in the same structure, which enables human to enjoy the same important information at the same time, so that all ethnic and cultural exchanges and interaction between real world. The news media with modern sense has become the dominant mode of existence of a culture in modern society the news media culture. Media culture on the psychological characteristics, behavioral structure, attitudes toward other aspects have had a significant effect on the contemporary human life form, content and even ways of thinking have changed dramatically along. With the in-depth of news media era, mass media plays in contemporary society, not only to transmit information, provide entertainment and other social functions, but also changing peoples values and way of life, shaping the social and public life. It continually to provide a series of community-oriented public values and colors to create a highly popular media discourse system, the media text is also increasingly becoming an important form of the modern spirit of the consumer. As a result, the news media become a pervasive cultural existence for its coverage of the large community and huge influence on people in modern society. The news media refers to mass media culture as a carrier; to the media of expression is the basic characteristic of modern society, a cultural phenomenon unique. Either as channels for the dissemination of information, or acts to guide the public, news media should be fully aware of their responsibility, (Curran Seaton, 2003) and try to make it fair and make contribute to sound development for the community. (2109 words)

Prescription Discrimination :: Birth Control Drugs Medicine Essays

Prescription Discrimination Imagine this, you an eighteen year girl old who has decided to become sexually active with your long term boyfriend. This raises a lot of issues for you. While you are interested in beginning oral contraception you are not comfortable talking to your parents about sex. Even if you could talk to them, the chances they would pay for your birth control are slim to none. You do work but $30 a month for the pill on top of the cost of condoms takes up a large portion of your pay check. Do you decide to wait to be sexually active or do you take your chances? Consider a different scenario, you a married woman in your late thirties, with two children, who receives financial support from the state. Every month poses a new struggle when trying to pay the bills. On top of food, utilities, gas and the high cost of raising two children you do not have room for the cost of birth control. Although you love your children, you simply cannot afford to have another under any circumstances. Do you refrain from having sex with your husband or do you takes your chances? According to the Planned Parenthood web site, â€Å"approximately 70,000 unintended pregnancies occur in Massachusetts each year,† this makes it apparent that more women are choosing to take their chances over abstinence. For decades women have fought for equal rights in this country and countries all over the world. They have fought a tough fight and have come a long way. This makes a blatant message of sexual discrimination all the more outrageous in this day and age. The message is unequal health insurance coverage for women and even in the year 2003 it continues to be a serious issue. Woman nationwide are faced with a choice to either pay high prices for oral contraceptives or take a risk and go without them. On the contrary men are totally supported when looking for coverage of the newly popularized Viagra pill. Viagra is a new creation, which helps older men achieve and maintain an erection. Most insurance plans cover the cost of this drug. While men are covered on a drug that’s sole purpose is to enhance sexual pleasure, woman are unable to find coverage of a drug that necessary to not only avoid pregnancy but relieve menstrual cramping, clear up skin break outs, and regulate menstrual cycles.

Nuclear Power Should Be Stopped

Since its find in 1960s by the Nipponese, atomic power had been used as one of the chief energy to bring forth power in more than 30 states in this universe. This natural resource is known as the safest energy-dense of all natural resources, where it has the ability to bring forth more electricity and heat compared to others. Unfortunately, the â€Å"March 11 temblor and tsunami† ( asiannews.net, n.d. ) had turned some portion in Japan into muddy, contaminated environment. Together with the radioactive spewed, the status in many residential countries peculiarly in Tohoku metropolis had become worse. To some people, it is being considered as a lesson that technological promotion can non ever protect states against natural catastrophes. Greenpeace, the Nipponese and Malayan authorities all have really strong points of position on the affair. In this essay I will depict and discourse their positions in order decide for myself what I believe atomic power hereafter should be. Nuclear energy derived from the interlingual rendition procedure which occurred between two dividing atoms ; Iron and smaller atoms. This was proved by utilizing Einstein ‘s celebrated expression, which is E = MC2, where M stand for mass and C represent the velocity of visible radiation ( Adamantiades, 1987 ) . In the early 1940 ‘s, research workers discovered this energy and accredited its possible to be used as a arm. Later in the 1960 ‘s, the Nipponese research workers set up several surveies and the consequence was diverting as â€Å"the newfound energy source†¦and found a place in the propulsion of the atomic naval forces, supplying pigboats with engines that could run for over a twelvemonth without refuelling† ( Adamantiades, 1987 ) . This lead to the development of atomic power where the Nipponese authorities spend more than 200 million hankerings to help atomic scientists in making engineering that could commercial the power workss. For the Nipponese authorities, the continuance of the atomic power production is important. Since the intercession of atomic power, the Nipponese had been utilizing this energy actively and until today, more than 50 reactors were built in order to bring forth this energy. This energy had already contributed 30 per centum of the state electricity and it is estimated that the per centum will be higher in five old ages. High demand for this energy from other states besides contributes to the effects. The Nipponese Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry ( METI ) reports that 60 per centum of the states in the universe that uses this energy were imported from Japan. The Nuclear and Safety Agency ( NISA ) , one of the Nipponese authorities bureaus that responsible for atomic power ordinance, licensing and safety assured that regular review has been conducted to supervise all power works therefore all citizen should non be worried. Warning dismay will be released if there any amendss in the reactors. Besides that, the authorities besides emphasize that there is an on-going research in happening ways to cut down fuel rhythm costs over the last decennaries. It will take to the cost decrease resulted from a â€Å"decrease in fuel rhythm unit costs and enhanced fuel rhythm procedure efficiency, with fuel public presentation betterment, in peculiar higher norm burn up, accounting for less than 10 per centum of the savings† ( NISA, n.d. ) . The Malayan authorities has a really similar sentiment on whether the production of atomic power should be stopped. As the universe ‘s population and living criterion are heightening, the demand for more electrical power is besides increasing. Like the Nipponese authorities, Malaysia is presently working towards implementing atomic as an alternate energy. In a imperativeness release written by Anifah Hj Aman, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Douglas Uggah Embas, Minister for the Natural Resources and Environment in 2010 they clearly province how the authorities feels about atomic energy. â€Å"Various researches and studies has been conducted to happen the best results for this affair and we think that atomic energy is one of it† , said Douglas Uggah. Besides that, they besides province that the Malayan disposal has started to recognize the importance to follow renewable energy for the state. This is because for the past half century, Malaysia has depended chiefly on oil and gas. â€Å"Being â€Å" addicted to oil † is a major national security concern for assorted grounds. Usingplug-in intercrossed electric vehicle ( PHEV ) powered by atomic reactors, we could cut down our oil demands by orders of magnitude† ( Oh Tick Hui, 2010 ) . Additionally, they besides highlighted the effects from the atomic use in making nursery gas emanation is the lowest compared to other energy. This, on occasion, will assist to cut down the pollution rate in the state. â€Å"Malaysia is one of the top 20 states in the universe with most pollution. By implementing this energy with the current system, we hope the rate of the air pollution particularly will be decrease as it does non bring forth smoke† , said Anifah Aman. When they were asked whether the consequence of the atomic waste would be a job in future, he stated that Malaysia is one of the states that are free from nature catastrophe therefore it would non be a job. â€Å"But we ever prepare f or the worse, therefore some of the safeguard will be take into consideration† , he added. ( news.malaysialivescience.com, n.d. ) While both Japanese and Malayan authorities supports the continuance of atomic power production, Greenpeace oppose it. They stated that the continuance of atomic power production, which consequences put on the lining the environment and humanity, is unacceptable. They argue atomic energy does lend to the nursery effects, clime alteration and other related catastrophes. They besides expressed their concerns as the effects â€Å"can besides result in a Chernobyl-scale accident one time every decade† ( WNO, n.d. ) regardless what atomic industry had told the world.In a recent article retrieved from www.greenpeaceinternational.com, a group of Greenpeace radiation experts blame the Nipponese authorities for the lost from the tsunami calamity, stating that the building and innovation made by the authorities are the most irresponsible in Japan history, in fact the most condemnable act of all time done on this planet. â€Å"Japan has poured in 1000000s of dollars to make high velocit y trains that can shuttle people over 100s of kilometers with speed†¦but this superb engineering that touts convenience and economic addition can non impede it from disasters† ( Greenpeace International, n.d. ) . They besides classified the Nipponese authorities and its ally action in edifice more and more atomic power works in the state as forcing away the dark history, where the power works are somewhat the most unsafe devices that adult male has of all time created and have taken infinite figure of lives. However, there is conflicting grounds on how Nipponese people view the importance of atomic power. Harmonizing to the Nipponese Nuclear and Industry Safety Agency ( NISA ) , the Nipponese economic system will non fall in although the calamity sunk its chief atomic power system. They believe that the Japanese will retrieve enormously, the same during the Hiroshima and Nagasaki calamity which was overcome in what is known as the Nipponese ‘economic miracle ‘ ( NISA, n.d. ) . Japan won regard from people around the universe for the rise of its state, bring forthing good educated young persons, and contriving an advanced engineering system. Not merely that, NISA besides sprang back Greenpeace statement stating that the engineerings finally saved more than 30 per centum of its existent lost in Tsunami calamity. In a study conducted by NISA, it was revealed that many states praise the Nipponese authorities action by making engineerings and machines that could dismay them about the nature disasters two times faster so the normal machine. This can be compared with what go on to Indonesia in 2004. Although the graduated table of the temblor in Tohoku is much higher than one that work stoppage Acheh, the Numberss of victims are 90 per centums less compared to the Indonesians which killed more than 140,000 lives seven old ages ago. ( NISA, n.d. ) In decision, with the demandof energy beginning that has been and will go on to increase each twelvemonth, I believe that the production of atomic power should non be stopped. Both Nipponese and Malayan authorities ‘s purposes for the continuance are strong and valid. Greenpeace fails to make an statement that can vie. Clearly, atomic energy has a figure of advantages that highlights its capableness in going one of the most demanding energy to the universe. It is without a uncertainty that I believe such jobs will non originate if energy providers can guarantee that they do non lend to short and long-run environmental jobs, authoritiess can vouch that energy is generated safely and will non harm both human and environment, and citizens can do certain they conserve every bit much as they can so there will be adequate beginnings for their future coevalss.

Curriculum Guide for Spoken Language and Word Recognition Essay

Spoken language and word recognition are two language components that bear relevance for the development of language skills. This kind of development normally occurs during childhood but it also happens when a person attempts to learn a language or languages that are foreign to him or her. A special education guided with a comprehensive curriculum is important for the proper development and improvement of the individual’s language skills. Spoken language is a very important subject because it teaches the natural language used by a person. Most of the human languages are spoken languages. Spoken language is done through the mouth and the vocal cords that enable the person to speak and create a message which sets it apart from the sign language and written language which is carried out through signs and writing systems, respectively. The development of oral or spoken language normally occurs without formal teaching. It develops through exposure to the spoken language. The oral language is also the foundation of the reading and written language (â€Å"Spoken Language Problems†, 2000). People use the spoken language to express ideas, opinions and feelings. It is also utilized to confirm understanding of the instructions and opinions of other people. Individuals also learn to use the spoken language to interact and communicate with others (Cable, 2005). Word recognition is also an important part of the language development. It is the process of recognizing words automatically, the same way that people recognize familiar faces. Word recognition is vital in education because it enhances reading fluency and comprehension and skills that are essential in students’ education development and improvement. If students are taught of word recognition, they will easily understand the text’s meaning (Hong, n. d. ). Instructional Goals After taking this course, the student must; †¢ Acquire full understanding on the various facets of language. †¢ Learn how to speak and communicate fluently utilizing the spoken language. †¢ Learn how to easily recognize words in text. †¢ Show improvement on the following aspects: ? Language Proficiency ? Reading Skills ? Reading Comprehension Learning Activities There are various ways to teach the students of spoken language and word recognition. The two areas of the course will have their own learning activities to fully focus on the students’ needs in order to appropriately and properly learn the spoken languages and word recognition. Teaching Strategies and Learning Activities for Spoken Language In the area of spoken language, it is important to be always engaged in conversations in order to practice the communication skills and utilization of the language of the students. One way to make students practice their spoken language is through oral presentation. A good oral presentation involves the acquisition of the attention of your audience and careful planning of the topic to be presented (â€Å"Oral Presentation†, n. d. ). The students must choose a topic that they will present in class; however, the subject should still be within the prerogative of the teacher. Through the process of oral presentation, the students will be able to practice their spoken language and hone their communication skills, particularly, public speaking or speaking in front of an audience. The teacher can also make them present a well-researched topic that will hone their research skills. Another strategy of teaching the students the spoken language is to let them form in pairs or in groups and let them report on a particular topic. Through this process, it will enhance the friendly relationship among the students. It will also practice their spoken language by speaking in front of the class. The teachers, on the other hand, will need to model the forms and functions of spoken and written language, and provide opportunities for oral presentations as aforementioned so that the students can develop their understanding of how the language changes when it is presented in different ways and in different contexts (Cable, 2005). Furthermore, successful learning is highly dependent on the classroom social condition. The teacher must establish a place where students can minimize their inhibitions to interact with each other and to encourage them to perform really well in the classroom. Teaching Strategies and Learning Activities for Word Recognition In the area of word recognition, it is important to always encounter words, so reading is the primary source of new and unfamiliar words to the students. There are strategies that the mentor can employ to improve word recognition to students. In the classroom, the teacher can put a word wall of unfamiliar words encountered by the students. This will help the students to widen their vocabulary, at the same time teaching them of the correct spelling, definition, use and pronunciation of the word (Hong, n. d. ). The teacher can also initiate word games to the students. The words can be taken from the word wall and lie them face down on the floor. After the signal, the students will pick up a word and define it and use it in a sentence. Through this process, they will improve both their word recognition and spoken language. The teacher can also assign a reading material to the students every week to keep them reading in order to hone their reading skills and reading comprehension. Evaluation Techniques After a period of time, it is important to assess the performance and skills of the students to know if they are truly learning and improving. It is important to evaluate the skills of the students in utilizing techniques that will cover the various aspects of the course. One of the evaluation techniques that can be employed in evaluating the students’ learning in the area of spoken language is to make them recite and assess them using an evaluation form with the following criteria; †¢ Fluency †¢ Good pronunciation of words †¢ Accuracy †¢ Confidence speaking in front of an audience The teacher may also add other criterion that seems vital in evaluating the students’ spoken language performance. Every criterion will be rated with the usual grading system as a form of assessment. The evaluation of a student will be highly objective if the teacher will invite a school administrator and other students to also assess the student’s performance. This way, the instructor will have three perspectives in evaluating the student. Evaluating the skills in word recognition is quite easy than that of the spoken language area. The teacher can employ creative quizzes and exercises to assess the students’ skills in word recognition. Word search puzzles can be used, wherein they will look for the words and encircle them within the time limit. The teacher can also employ exercises utilizing the aforementioned learning activities such as the word wall. The teacher may jumble the letters of the word and ask the students to spell the words correctly. The cores on the quizzes and the exercises will reflect their improvement on word recognition. Resources In this course, books are not really important since these are aspects of language that are taught through interpersonal activities. However, pertinent sources of information where the teachers got their instructional materials should be mentioned to the students for them to cope on the lesson. Suggested Readings: Department for Education and Skills (DfES) & Qualifications Curriculum Authority (QCA). (2003). Speaking, Listening, Learning: working with children in Key Stages 1 and 2. Handbook. London : DfES Publications. Cambers, J. Ready, set, read. (2003). Tucson, Arizona: Zephyr Press. References Cable, C. (2005, October 2). Spoken Language. National Association for Language Development in the Curriculum. Retrieved April 2, 2009, from http://www. naldic. org. uk/ITTSEAL2/teaching/SpokenLanguage. cfm. Hong, S. J. (n. d. ). Word Knowledge: Sight Word Recognition. Literacy at School and Home. Retrieved April 2, 2009, from http://mason. gmu. edu/~cwallac7/TAP/TEST/knowledge/2. html. Oral Presentation. (n. d. ). English for Professional Communication. Retrieved April 2, 2009, from http://ec. hku. hk/epc/presentation/. Spoken Language Problems. (2000, April 20). KidSource Online. Retrieved April 2, 2009, from http://www. kidsource. com/LDA/spoken_language. html.